VENTANA TERAPÉUTICA Y NEUROPLASTICIDAD EN EL MANEJO DEL ACCIDENTE CEREBROVASCULAR AGUDO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n6-010Palabras clave:
Ictus, Ventana Terapéutica, Neuroplasticidad, Isquemia Cerebral, Reperfusión, Rehabilitación NeurológicaResumen
El ictus es una de las principales causas de morbilidad, mortalidad y discapacidad funcional a nivel mundial. En el contexto del ictus agudo, la ventana terapéutica desempeña un papel fundamental en la preservación del tejido cerebral viable, mientras que la neuroplasticidad es crucial para la recuperación funcional. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre la ventana terapéutica y los mecanismos de neuroplasticidad en el manejo del ictus agudo. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO y Virtual Health Library, que incluyó artículos publicados entre 2021 y 2026. Los resultados demuestran que las intervenciones tempranas, como la trombolisis intravenosa y la trombectomía mecánica, se asocian con una reducción de la extensión de la lesión cerebral y un mejor pronóstico funcional. Paralelamente, la activación de los mecanismos neuroplásticos, especialmente en el periodo subagudo, contribuye a la reorganización cortical y a la recuperación de las funciones neurológicas. Se concluye que la intervención dentro de la ventana terapéutica no solo reduce el daño neuronal, sino que también potencia la neuroplasticidad, reforzando la importancia de los enfoques tempranos e integrados en la atención de los pacientes con ictus.
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Referencias
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