REVERSE LOGISTICS IN MANAUS: CONTRIBUTIONS TO SANITATION AND SDG 6

Abstract

Accelerated urban growth and the consequent demand for consumption generate a critical challenge in solid waste management, directly impacting basic sanitation and the constitutional right to an ecologically balanced environment. In this context, the city of Manaus, with its complex urban structure and proximity to vital aquatic ecosystems, faces unique obstacles for the environmentally adequate final disposal of its waste. Recognizing Reverse Logistics (RL) as an essential legal and operational instrument of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), this study's main objective is to analyze how RL can contribute to the improvement of basic sanitation and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) in Manaus. The research adopts a predominantly bibliographic and documentary methodology, based on an in-depth analysis of legal frameworks, specialized doctrine, and technical reports. The study initially establishes the constitutional foundation that elevates the environment and basic sanitation to the category of fundamental rights, with the latter being a pillar for human health and dignity. Subsequently, the research details the PNRS, demonstrating that Reverse Logistics is the mechanism that operationalizes the Shared Responsibility for the Product Life Cycle, transforming the Polluter Pays Principle into a legal obligation distributed throughout the entire production chain and the consumer. RL is thus validated as an indispensable tool for Environmental Sanitation, by diverting high-impact waste from municipal collection and ensuring its safe disposal. Finally, by applying the theory to the context of Manaus, the study identifies local infrastructure and management challenges and concludes that the strengthening and oversight of Reverse Logistics systems are vital to mitigating water pollution, relieving the municipal burden, and consequently, boosting the fulfillment of SDG 6, promoting urban sustainability and the health of the Manaus population.