INFLUENCIA DE LOS MICROORGANISMOS EN LA BIORREMEDIACIÓN DE SUELOS CONTAMINADOS CON PLOMO CULTIVADOS CON CRAMBE ABYSSINICA BAJO CULTIVO PROTEGIDO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n10-308Palabras clave:
Azospirillum brasilense, Biorremediación, Plomo, Pseudomonas fluorescensResumen
Este estudio aborda la contaminación del suelo por plomo (Pb), un grave problema ambiental y de salud pública. La biorremediación mediante microorganismos y plantas es una solución prometedora. Esta investigación evalúa la sinergia entre el crambe (Crambe abyssinica) y microorganismos promotores del crecimiento para eliminar el Pb del suelo. El experimento se llevó a cabo en cultivo protegido entre abril y julio de 2023, utilizando un diseño de bloques aleatorizados con cuatro tratamientos de concentración de Pb e inoculación con dos especies microbianas. Los análisis incluyeron el crecimiento de las plantas, los niveles de macronutrientes y el contenido de Pb en las plantas y el suelo. La inoculación incrementó significativamente el crecimiento del crambe, incluyendo la longitud de la raíz y el tallo, y mejoró la biomasa. Los microorganismos potenciaron la solubilización y movilización del Pb en el suelo, facilitando su absorción por las plantas, con efectos más pronunciados a mayores concentraciones de Pb. Los resultados confirman que la combinación de crambe con bacterias promotoras del crecimiento es eficaz para la biorremediación de suelos contaminados con Pb. Estas bacterias no solo mejoraron el crecimiento y la salud de las plantas, sino que también aumentaron su capacidad para acumular y translocar Pb, lo que subraya el potencial de aplicación a gran escala de esta técnica para recuperar áreas contaminadas por metales pesados.
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