PREVALENCIA DE UVEÍTIS EN PACIENTES CON SÍFILIS Y TOXOPLASMOSIS TRATADOS EN UN HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DEL NORTE DE BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n11-301Palabras clave:
Uveítis Infecciosa, Sífilis, ToxoplasmosisResumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de uveítis en pacientes con sífilis y toxoplasmosis atendidos en Araguaína, Tocantins, entre 2020 y 2023.
Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de historias clínicas de pacientes con sífilis y toxoplasmosis atendidos en el Hospital Universitario y notificados a las autoridades de vigilancia epidemiológica. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: grupo de edad; sexo; raza; origen; diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis o sífilis; agudeza visual; comorbilidades asociadas; y complicaciones oculares desarrolladas.
Resultados: Se observó una prevalencia de uveítis del 12% en pacientes con las enfermedades mencionadas, siendo el 80% casos de toxoplasmosis y el 20% de sífilis. Además, se evidenció coinfección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en el 48% de los individuos, siendo el edema macular la principal complicación de estos casos de uveítis infecciosa.
Conclusión: En este sentido, existe una prevalencia notablemente alta de uveítis en pacientes con enfermedades infecciosas, que se presenta predominantemente en aquellos con toxoplasmosis.
Descargas
Referencias
Arruda, S., et al. (2021). Clinical manifestations and visual outcomes associated with ocular toxoplasmosis in a Brazilian population. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 3137. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82830-z
Bazeed, M. A., et al. (2023). Clinical features and outcomes of ocular toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected versus non-infected individuals. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 132, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2023.03.025
Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (2022). Censo demográfico 2022 por população residente, cor ou raça, segundo a situação do domicílio, o sexo e a idade. https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/pesquisa/censo-demografico/demografico-2022/universo-indigenas-caracteristicas-pessoas-e-domicilios-situacao-urbana-ou-rural
Da Trindade Junior, C. J. S., et al. (2023). Perfil epidemiológico das uveítes infeciosas em hospital terciário em Belém, Pará. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 6(1), 3798–811. https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BJHR/article/view/57369
De Angelis, R. E., et al. (2021). Frequency and visual outcomes of ocular toxoplasmosis in an adult Brazilian population. Scientific Reports, 11(1), Article 3420. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83051-0
Engelhard, S. B., et al. (2015). Infectious uveitis in Virginia. Clinical Ophthalmology, 9, 1589–1594. https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S86578
Faria, P. A., et al. (2024). A 14-year retrospective clinical analysis of ocular manifestations of syphilis in a Portuguese tertiary center. Clinical Ophthalmology, 18, 3053–3069. https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S494585
Florêncio, M. R. (2024). O pardo no Brasil: o dilema da identidade mestiça no país miscigenado [Dissertação de mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo]. Repositório da USP. https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2024.tde-15102024-162545
Gonzalez Fernandez, D., et al. (2017). Uveitis in São Paulo, Brazil: 1053 new patients in 15 months. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 25(3), 382–387. https://doi.org/10.3109/09273948.2015.1132741
Hou, S., et al. (2020). Uveitis genetics. Experimental Eye Research, 190, Article 107853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2019.107853
Jahnke, S., et al. (2021). Ocular syphilis: A case series of four patients. Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 19(7), 987–991. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddg.14464
Kahn, J. B., et al. (2023). Ocular manifestations of infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients: A comprehensive review. Ophthalmology and Therapy, 12(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-022-00568-7
Kalogeropoulos, D., et al. (2022). Ocular toxoplasmosis: A review of the current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. International Ophthalmology, 42(1), 295–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01994-9
Kantzanou, M., et al. (2024). Prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Microbiology, 19(6), 525–534. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb-2023-0215
Karami, M., et al. (2024). Prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in the general population and uveitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 32(6), 1003–1016. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2023.2190801
Kim, H. Y. (2017). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 42(2), 152–155. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.2.152
London, N. J., et al. (2011). Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and causes of vision loss in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis. European Journal of Ophthalmology, 21(6), 811–819. https://doi.org/10.5301/EJO.2011.6403
Medronho, R. A., et al. (2025). Epidemiologia. Atheneu.
Moraes, H. M. V., et al. (2022). Causes and characteristics of uveitis cases at a reference university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia, 85(3), 255–262. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20220040
Moro, J. C., et al. (2020). Clinico-epidemiological and sociodemographic profile of HIV/AIDS patients who are co-infected with Toxoplasma gondii in the border region of Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 92(4), Article e20200293. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020200293
Oliveira, L. A., et al. (2024). The efficacy of adalimumab in the treatment of uveitis. Research, Society and Development, 13(2), Article e1713244915. https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/44915
Ribeiro, J. C. M. L., et al. (2019). Oftalmologia para graduação. EdUnichristus.
Schulz, D. C., et al. (2021). The many faces of ocular syphilis: Case-based update on recognition, diagnosis, and treatment. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology, 56(5), 283–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2021.01.006
Smith, J. R., et al. (2021). Pathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, 81, Article 100882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100882
Teixeira, L. P., et al. (2016). Estudo da prevalência das uveítes em hospital oftalmológico terciário em Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia, 75(3), 174–180. https://doi.org/10.5935/0034-7280.20160037
Teo, A. Y. T., et al. (2023). Intermediate uveitis: A review. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 31(5), 1041–1060. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2022.2070503
Thomas, J., et al. (2023). An update on immunological and molecular tests and their impact in infectious uveitis. Frontiers in Ophthalmology, 3, Article 1132131. https://doi.org/10.3389/fopht.2023.1132131
Yang, M., et al. (2023). Human immunodeficiency virus and uveitis. Viruses, 15(2), Article 444. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020444
