THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AMBLYOPIA TREATMENT IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS: INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n10-134Keywords:
Amblyopia, Therapeutics, Effectiveness, Neural Plasticity, Age GroupsAbstract
Purpose: Amblyopia is characterized by reduced visual acuity due to differences in the quality of visual stimulation between the eyes during the critical period of visual development in childhood. This study aimed to conduct an integrative review of literature published in the last 5 years and to discuss the effectiveness of amblyopia treatment across different age groups. Methods: An integrative review was conducted with searches performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and SciELO databases, using the following descriptors: “Amblyopia,” “Clinical Management,” “Age Groups,” and their English equivalents, as suggested by the DeCS/MeSH platform. A total of 114 potentially eligible articles were identified, but only 29 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The critical window for visual development varies depending on specific visual functions and types of amblyopia. As age advances, there is a reduction in neural plasticity within the visual pathways, which poses a challenge for amblyopia therapy in older children. However, some studies report that age is not a determining factor for the effectiveness of certain treatment modalities. Conclusion: Given the conflicting results regarding the effectiveness of amblyopia treatment with advancing age, further experimental studies are needed to clarify the role of age as a determining, complementary, or irrelevant factor in amblyopia therapy.
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