ALTO RIO GUAMÁ-TIARG INDIGENOUS LAND, PARÁ: RISK ANALYSIS AFTER THE REMOVAL PROCESS

Abstract

Issues related to the recognition, use, and protection of indigenous lands have always been understood as one of the great challenges facing the Brazilian state, since the Federal Constitution of 1988 guarantees these rights, but there is still a gap between the legal guarantee of rights and their effective implementation. Thus, this article aims to discuss the process of removing intruders from the Alto Rio Guamá Indigenous Land, in the state of Pará, seeking to assess whether this process has succeeded in guaranteeing security and social and economic well-being for the inhabitants. To this end, the research is based on a case study of the Alto Rio Guamá Indigenous Land (TIARG), located between the municipalities of Nova Esperança do Piriá, Paragominas, and Santa Luzia do Pará, covering an area of 280,000 hectares and divided among three ethnic groups, namely Awa Guajá, Ka'apor, and Tembé, based on the analysis of documents and reports from FUNAI, the Public Prosecutor's Office of Pará, IDEFLOR, and the World Bank. The results indicate that after the process of removing intruders, socio-economic risks persisted, largely due to the absence of a continuous policy for environmental and territorial management of indigenous lands, which increases risk factors and leads to the conclusion that the diagnosis of risk factors, ethno-zoning, and monitoring of these territories by regulatory agencies are social technologies that can mitigate risks and guarantee the rights of indigenous peoples living in the TIARG region.