NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF ACUTE PAIN IN TRAUMA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n6-007Keywords:
Trauma, Acute Pain, EmergencyAbstract
Acute pain in trauma is one of the main causes of care in urgent and emergency services and is considered a complex and multifactorial phenomenon. This study aimed to review the neurobiological mechanisms of acute pain in the traumatic context and their implications for emergency clinical management, as well as to analyze the influence of emotional factors on pain perception. This is a descriptive, qualitative, and retrospective literature review conducted using national and international databases, including PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, and publications from the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), covering studies published between 2021 and 2026. The results demonstrated the involvement of nociception mechanisms, peripheral and central sensitization, and brain structures related to the sensory and emotional processing of pain. It was also observed that anxiety, fear, and stress intensify pain perception. It is concluded that the integrated understanding of these mechanisms contributes to a more humanized, individualized, and effective management of traumatized patients in emergency care.
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