ROOT CANAL PREPARATION: CHALLENGES IN MECHANIZED AND ROTARY SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n3-014Keywords:
Endodontics, Rotary Systems, NiTi Alloys, Chemical Irrigation, DisinfectionAbstract
Contemporary endodontics has evolved significantly in the last decade with the improvement of nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys and the development of different instrumentation kinematics, especially reciprocating systems, which provide greater flexibility, resistance to cyclic fatigue, and clinical safety. These advances have increased the predictability of root canal preparation, particularly in complex anatomies and pronounced curvatures, aligning with the principles of minimally invasive dentistry. However, despite the high efficiency of mechanized systems, isolated mechanical instrumentation is not capable of promoting complete disinfection of the root canal system due to its intricate anatomy, which includes isthmuses, lateral canals, and recesses not reached by instruments. In this context, chemical irrigation plays a fundamental role, with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) considered the gold standard for its ability to dissolve organic tissue and its effective antimicrobial action against biofilms. Current literature reinforces that the association between mechanized instrumentation, adequate chemical irrigation, and irrigation activation techniques, such as passive ultrasonic irrigation and sonic activation, is essential to enhance the removal of debris, smear layer, and microorganisms. Thus, the success of endodontic treatment depends on the balanced integration of these strategies, aiming for effective three-dimensional disinfection with maximum preservation of tooth structure.
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