ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE MIRANDA II – SÃO LUÍS II TRANSMISSION LINE IN THE OPERATION PHASE: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PROJECT PREDICTIONS AND THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES

Abstract

The implementation of transmission lines is strategic for the energy sector but imposes socio-environmental challenges on the intercepted regions. This study aims to evaluate the correspondence between the impacts predicted in the Environmental Impact Study (EIA) and the Environmental Impact Report (RIMA) and the real impacts observed during the operation phase of the Miranda – São Luís Transmission Line, focusing on the municipality of Santa Rita, Maranhão. The methodology adopted consisted of a comparative analysis based on document review and field surveys, including active listening to the local community. The results demonstrated significant discrepancies between planning and reality: impacts classified as "remote" risks, such as water quality degradation and fish population mortality, materialized, compromising food security and the subsistence economy. The ineffectiveness of vegetation maintenance measures was also observed, transferring the responsibility for firefighting to residents, in addition to frustration regarding road infrastructure improvements. It is concluded that the mitigating measures were insufficient, highlighting the need for stricter enforcement and protection of the way of life of the affected traditional communities.