INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS RELATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESSURE INJURIES IN AN ADULT COVID INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n12-108Keywords:
Pressure Injury, SARS-CoV-2, Intensive Care UnitsAbstract
Patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICU) frequently present cases of Pressure Injury (PI), a condition associated with clinical status as well as intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This study aims to evaluate the incidence and risk factors related to pressure injury in patients admitted to a COVID-19 ICU. This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out in the COVID ICU of a philanthropic hospital. Data were tabulated using spreadsheets, and statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. Of the 300 patients evaluated from March 2020 to March 2022, 61 developed PI, representing an incidence of 20.33%. Among the evaluated risk factors, only length of stay showed statistical significance regarding the onset of PI. The sites most affected by PI were the sacral region (42.62%), followed by the gluteus (13.11%) and thorax (6.56%). The prevalent staging was grade 2 (87.64%), and 3.37% of injuries were not staged. Only 38 (62%) of PIs were documented in the clinical notes, 52 (85%) were reported as adverse events, and only 29 (48%) were both documented and reported concurrently. There is a lack of information recorded in medical records and cases of underreporting of adverse events to the Quality Management and Patient Safety Center. Thus, the importance of nurse training and continuing education programs on PI prevention measures is highlighted, alongside the need for formal wound recording in medical charts linked to patient safety culture.
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