ASSESSMENT OF THE CONSERVATION CONDITION OF LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a marked increase in pathological manifestations in both old and new residential buildings, raising concerns about their reduced service life and potential structural collapse. This study aims to assess the conservation condition of low- and middle-income residential buildings in the provinces of Luanda and Icolo e Bengo, Angola, encompassing constructions from the colonial and post-colonial periods. Visual inspections and non-destructive tests (rebound hammer, percussion, and carbonation) were carried out to identify the main pathologies, their causes, and levels of degradation. The research involved document analysis, direct observation, interviews with residents and technicians, and the application of the Building Conservation Assessment Method (MAEC). Results show that all examined buildings present some form of relevant pathological manifestation, especially cracking, reinforcement corrosion, concrete detachment, and rising damp. The oldest buildings, particularly in Hoji-Ya-Henda, are in an advanced state of degradation, requiring urgent intervention. The main causes of pathologies were found to be building age, poor construction quality, material degradation, lack of maintenance, and overloading due to excessive occupancy.