SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECTS OF LOW MALE AFFILIATION AND LOWER NUMBER OF MALE DOG AND CAT CASTRATIONS IN PAUDALHO-PE

Abstract

The castration of dogs and cats is recognized as an important public health and animal welfare tool, fundamental in population control and the prevention of zoonoses. However, significant resistance to the procedure was observed when it comes to male animals and low adherence to the procedure in pets owned by male guardians, suggesting that cultural beliefs and gender values ​​interfere with decision-making. The study was developed within the scope of the extension project "Technological Innovation for Pets: More Safety in One Health", promoted by the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), in partnership with the Municipality of Paudalho and with the support of the Pernambuco Foundation for the Support of Science and Technology (FACEPE). Data regarding castration, microchipping, and community education actions with animal owners were analyzed, allowing the identification of the owners' profile. The results revealed a predominance of castrations in female animals (58.8%) and the presence of female guardians (72.1%), evidencing greater female engagement in responsible pet ownership practices. Male resistance to castration may reflect symbolic conceptions associated with virility, strength, and the animal's protective function—elements deeply rooted in local culture. It is concluded that the effectiveness of sterilization programs depends not only on the availability of the service but also on the implementation of educational and communication strategies sensitive to gender and cultural issues. The proposed integrated approach reinforces the principles of One Health, promoting advances in public health, animal welfare, and harmonious coexistence between the community and the environment.