PENETRATING SCROTAL TRAUMA - CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n11-083Keywords:
Penetrating Scrotal Injuries, Transfixing Scrotal Injuries, Scrotal TraumaAbstract
Introduction and Objective: Penetrating scrotal trauma is a rare but potentially serious condition, with a risk of damage to the genital structures. The objective of this study is to review diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to penetrating scrotal injuries, proposing a clinical flowchart to guide medical care. Method: A case report of scrotal trauma caused by a metal bar in a patient treated in the emergency room was performed, followed by a systematic literature review in PubMed and SciELO databases, without language or time restrictions. Case reports with penetrating or transfixing scrotal injuries were included. The extracted data included the mechanism of trauma, diagnostic tests used, and treatments adopted, allowing for descriptive analysis and the construction of a management flowchart. Results: Twenty-one cases were analyzed (including the presented case report). The most frequently used diagnostic methods were ultrasound (33.33%), tomography (33.33%), and radiography (28.57%). Regarding management, surgical exploration was performed in 71.42% of cases; debridement in 47.61%; drain placement in 28.57%; and primary closure in 80.95%. Based on these data, a clinical flowchart was developed encompassing hemodynamic assessment, detailed physical examination, imaging tests, and indications for surgical intervention according to the suspicion of injury to scrotal and adjacent structures. Conclusion: Penetrating scrotal trauma requires a systematic and individualized approach. The publication of reports like this contributes to the improvement of medical management in the face of varied clinical presentations, expanding the diagnostic and therapeutic repertoire of professionals in the fields of emergency medicine and urology.
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