DESIGUALDAD DE GÉNERO EN MEDICINA: DESAFÍOS Y OPORTUNIDADES PARA LAS MÉDICAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-114Palabras clave:
Prejuicio, Género, Chovinismo Masculino, Mujeres Médicas, MedicinaResumen
Introducción: La creciente feminización de la medicina ha evidenciado avances significativos en la participación de las mujeres en la profesión. Sin embargo, persisten desigualdades de género sustanciales en diversos aspectos, como liderazgo, remuneración y condiciones laborales, que comprometen la equidad y el desarrollo pleno de las médicas. Objetivos: Analizar las principales disparidades de género en la Medicina contemporánea, identificando factores institucionales, culturales y sociales que perpetúan dichas desigualdades, así como presentar estrategias efectivas para su superación. Métodos: Revisión integradora de estudios recientes publicados entre 2019 y 2025, que abordan la participación femenina en distintas especialidades médicas, liderazgo en investigación clínica, disparidades salariales y políticas institucionales para la promoción de la equidad de género. Resultados: A pesar del aumento gradual de la representación femenina, las mujeres continúan subrepresentadas en cargos de liderazgo, particularmente en ensayos clínicos financiados por la industria, y enfrentan disparidades salariales significativas. La sobrecarga derivada de la doble jornada laboral y familiar contribuye a la insatisfacción y dificulta el avance en la carrera. Discusión: Las desigualdades identificadas reflejan barreras culturales y estructurales arraigadas en los entornos médicos. Estrategias integradas, que incluyen políticas de mentoría, transparencia salarial, combate al acoso y flexibilización de la jornada laboral, son esenciales para revertir este escenario. Conclusión: La superación de las desigualdades de género en medicina exige acciones afirmativas, continuas y multidimensionales, que promuevan ambientes laborales inclusivos y equitativos, asegurando justicia, valorización profesional y mejora de la calidad en el cuidado de la salud.
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