PROPIEDADES FISICOQUÍMICAS, FARMACOCINÉTICAS Y APLICACIONES BIOMÉDICAS DEL FITOCANNABINOIDE CANNABIGEROL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n54-027Palabras clave:
Plantas Medicinales, Cannabis, Cannabinoides, Diseño de Fármacos, ToxicidadResumen
El cannabigerol (CBG), un fitocannabinoide no psicoactivo de la Cannabis sativa, se perfila como un agente terapéutico altamente versátil, con un perfil farmacológico distinto al del CBD y el THC debido a su interacción específica con los receptores CB1 y CB2 del sistema endocannabinoide. Este estudio empleó un enfoque dual, integrando un análisis in silico de las propiedades del CBG con una revisión integrativa de sus aplicaciones biomédicas. El análisis computacional, realizado con las herramientas PreADMET y SwissADME, reveló un perfil farmacocinético prometedor, caracterizado por una alta lipofilicidad (Log P = +5,74), una excelente biodisponibilidad oral (93,71 %) y el cumplimiento de las reglas de similitud de fármacos. El CBG demostró una alta probabilidad de penetrar el sistema nervioso central y un perfil de seguridad inicial favorable, con una predicción de no mutagenicidad ni carcinogenicidad. Los resultados in silico se correlacionan fuertemente con la evidencia de la revisión integrativa, que recopiló estudios preclínicos y clínicos. La alta absorción y acción previstas en el SNC respaldan los efectos ansiolíticos y moduladores del estado de ánimo observados en humanos y modelos animales. La interacción prevista con receptores citoplasmáticos y acoplados a proteínas G (GPCR) proporciona una base mecanística para su amplio espectro de actividades, que incluye acciones analgésicas (como la reducción del dolor neuropático), antiinflamatorias, antibacterianas, antivirales e incluso antitumorales, tal como se documenta en la literatura. La convergencia entre los datos predictivos y la evidencia experimental valida el potencial del CBG y demuestra que las herramientas computacionales son fundamentales para guiar el desarrollo racional de formulaciones farmacéuticas seguras y eficaces basadas en este cannabinoide, optimizando su traslación desde el laboratorio hasta la aplicación clínica.
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