LIFESTYLE CHANGE TO COMBAT OBESITY: IMPACT OF DIET AND EXERCISE ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Obesity has become one of the greatest public health challenges in recent decades, requiring effective strategies that address not only weight control but also the comprehensive promotion of health. This study aimed to analyze the impact of lifestyle changes, particularly regarding nutrition and physical activity, as methods for preventing and treating obesity. The methodology adopted was based on a qualitative literature review, with a survey of scientific articles, focusing on Brazilian studies that address practical interventions related to dietary re-education, regular physical exercise, and their effects on the health indicators of obese individuals. The results showed that interventions combining continuous nutritional guidance, supervised physical activity, and psychosocial support are more effective in reducing body mass index, improving physical conditioning, emotional balance, and long-term adherence. It was also observed that interdisciplinary approaches contribute to the reduction of risk factors associated with obesity, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and sleep disorders. Participants’ quality of life also improved significantly, especially in aspects related to self-esteem, functional mobility, and social engagement. The importance of public policies in ensuring access to healthy environments, qualified professionals, and nutritional education, particularly in socially vulnerable communities, was highlighted. It is concluded that lifestyle modification is an effective and sustainable tool for combating obesity, and it is necessary to promote educational, inclusive, and personalized actions that encourage individual autonomy and strengthen a continuous support network. The adoption of healthy habits should be encouraged from childhood, considering the cultural and social specificities of each group, so that the results achieved are long-lasting and widely disseminated throughout society.