ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA (2000 A 2023) DA CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE OS DESEMPENHOS DOS OBJETIVOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL (ODS) DOS PAÍSES DA ORGANIZAÇÃO PARA A COOPERAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO (OCDE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n12-010Palavras-chave:
Agenda 2030, Indicadores, SustentabilidadeResumo
Este estudo analisou a correlação entre os desempenhos dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) dos países membros, parceiros e candidatos à Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) no período de 2000 a 2023. Foram utilizados dados do Sustainable Development Goals Transformation Center (2024), processados no software R (versão 4.4.0), com aplicação dos testes de Shapiro-Wilk para normalidade, correlações de Spearman e análise de agrupamentos por K-means. As correlações individuais entre os ODS foram calculadas para 49 países e sintetizadas por meio de uma matriz de correlação acumulada, permitindo identificar ODS com tendências negativas. A principal contribuição deste artigo é apresentar os desempenhos das correlações dos ODS para cada país, de forma individual, diferentemente dos artigos que apresentam resultados em termos de medidas de tendência central e análise de variabilidade para um conjunto de países. Os resultados indicaram que nenhum país apresentou correlações exclusivamente positivas entre os ODS, revelando que os avanços em determinados objetivos frequentemente ocorrem em detrimento de outros. Os ODS 2 (fome zero), 8 (trabalho e emprego) e 16 (paz e justiça) mostraram-se mais propensos a correlações negativas, enquanto os ODS 3 (saúde e bem-estar), 5 (igualdade de gênero) e 9 (inovação) demonstraram maior estabilidade. A análise de clusters não produziu agrupamentos consistentes, sugerindo forte heterogeneidade entre os países. Conclui-se que o progresso rumo à sustentabilidade é altamente dependente de contextos locais e que a consecução da Agenda 2030 requer integração efetiva entre políticas nacionais e cooperação internacional, com ênfase no fortalecimento do ODS 17 (parcerias).
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