ORAL HEALTH AND HEALTH PROMOTION IN ELDERLY PRE-FRAGILE GROUP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n11-027Keywords:
Oral Health, Pre-Frail, Aging, Elderly, Health PromotionAbstract
Objectives: to compare two groups of pre-frail elderly people from different outpatient clinics, in aspects of oral and systemic health.
Methods: this is a cross-sectional observational study with 36 pre-frail elderly people, from the Frailty (GPFF) and the Elderly Health Promotion (GPFG) Outpatient Clinic, undergoing the same protocol clinical-dentistry: number of teeth, type of dental prosthesis, soft tissue injuries, as well as number of diseases and the use of medications at the last consultation. They were also evaluated by the GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment), an instrument that subjectively correlates oral health (three dimensional perceptions) with quality of life.
Results: in the total group, 55.5% were edentulous, while the others had 5,33 teeth on average. The GPFG is significantly older than the GPFF (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the use of prostheses or soft tissue injuries between the groups, but the GOHAI score was poor in the GPFF and the best results in the Physical and Psychic dimensions were from the GPFG (p=0.005 and p=0.001, respectively). The number of systemic diseases had a higher median in the GPFF (p<0.001), as well as the number of medications used (p=0.037).
Conclusion: even in patients classified as Pre-Frail, encouraging self-care with an emphasis on oral health, in an Elderly Health Promotion Program, showed interesting differences in health and quality of life parameters.
Downloads
References
1 Arenas-Márquez, M. J., Tôrres, L. H. N., Borim, F. S. A., Yassuda, M. S., Neri, A. L., & Sousa, M. L. R. (2022). Perda de função mastigatória e risco de fragilidade em idosos vivendo em domicílios familiares no Estado de São Paulo. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 25(5), Article e210234. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562022025.210234.pt DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562022025.210234.en
2 Atchison, K. A., & Dolan, T. A. (1990). Development of the geriatric oral health assessment index. Journal of Dental Education, 54(11), 680–687. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.0022-0337.1990.54.11.tb02481.x
3 Bianco, A., Mazzea, S., Fortunato, L., Giudice, A., Papadopoli, R., Nobile, C. G. A., et al. (2021). Oral health status and the impact on oral health-related quality of life among the institutionalized elderly population: A cross-sectional study in an area of southern Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), Article 2175. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042175
4 Borg-Bartolo, R., Roccuzzo, A., Molinero-Mourelle, P., Schimmel, M., Gambetta-Tessini, K., Chaurasia, A., et al. (2022). Global prevalence of edentulism and dental caries in middle-aged and elderly persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Dentistry, 127, Article 104335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104335 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104335
5 Boschetto, R. M., Barbosa, L. C., Souza, T. M., & Bastos, R. S. (2023). Edentulismo e fragilidade em pessoas idosas domiciliadas: Um estudo transversal. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 26, Article e230165. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562023026.230165.pt DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562023026.230165.pt
6 Cano-Escalera, G., Graña, M., Irazusta, J., Labayen, I., Gonzalez-Pinto, A., & Besga, A. (2023). Mortality risks after two years in frail and pre-frail older adults admitted to hospital. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(9), Article 3103. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093103
7 Chan, D. C. D., Tsou, H. H., Chang, C. B., Yang, R. S., Tsauo, J. Y., Chen, C. Y., et al. (2017). Integrated care for geriatric frailty and sarcopenia: A randomized control trial. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 8(1), 78–88. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12132 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12132
8 Chu, W., Lynskey, N., Iain-Ross, J., Pell, J. P., Sattar, N., Ho, F. K., et al. (2023). Identifying the biomarker profile of pre-frail and frail people: A cross-sectional analysis from UK Biobank. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), Article 2421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032421
9 Colombo, R., Bertolini, S. M. M. G., Silva, J. C., & Macedo, A. B. (2019). A importância do treinamento físico funcional frente à sarcopenia decorrente do envelhecimento. Arquivos Mudi, 23(3), 22–24. https://doi.org/10.4025/arqmudi.v23i3.51494 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/arqmudi.v23i3.51494
10 Fried, L. P., Tangen, C. M., Walston, J., Newman, A. B., Hirsch, C., Gottdiener, J., et al. (2001). Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(3), M146–M156. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146
11 Genç, F. Z., & Uslu, A. (2024). The relationship and affecting factors between oral health and frailty in the older people: A cross-sectional study. Public Health Nursing, 41(3), 438–445. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13300
12 Hogue, C. M., & Castrejón-Pérez, R. C. (2024). Oral health and frailty. In J. G. Ruiz & O. Theou (Eds.), Frailty: A multidisciplinary approach to assessment, management, and prevention (pp. 359–368). Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57361-3_47
13 Hussein, S., Kantawalla, R. F., Dickie, S., Suarez-Durall, P., Enciso, R., & Mulligan, R. (2022). Association of oral health and mini nutritional assessment in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 66(2), 208–220. https://doi.org/10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00207 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_20_00207
14 Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. (2022). Expectativa de vida. https://www.ibge.gov.br/busca.html?searchword=expectativa%20de%20vida&searchphrase=all
15 Jesus, R. M., Campos, F. L., Rodrigues, L. G., Perazzo, M. F., Soares, A. R. D. S., Ribeiro, M. T. F., et al. (2020). Guideline for oral care of dependent elders: Mapping review and cross-cultural adaptation to Portuguese-Brazil. Brazilian Oral Research, 34, Article e097. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0097 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0097
16 Kondoh, J., Ono, T., Tamine, K., Fujiwara, S., Minagi, Y., Hori, K., et al. (2015). Effect of complete denture wearing on tongue motor biomechanics during swallowing in edentulous older adults. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 15(5), 565–571. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12315 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.12315
17 Kotronia, E., Wannamethee, S. G., Papacosta, A. O., Whincup, P. H., Lennon, L. T., Visser, M., et al. (2021). Poor oral health and inflammatory, hemostatic, and cardiac biomarkers in older age: Results from two studies in the UK and USA. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 76(2), 346–351. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa096 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa096
18 Linabarger, M., Griffin, S. O., & Hamilton, E. K. (2021). Utility of state-based basic screening survey reports for national oral health surveillance in older adults. Preventing Chronic Disease, 18, Article E31. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd18.200471 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd18.200471
19 Mafra, L. P. V., Penna, A. M., Garrido, G. O., Coutinho, M. P., Catapreta Junior, A. A., & Barros, S. B. (2023). Síndrome do envelhecimento precoce bucal: Uma revisão de literatura. In Anais do 2º Congresso Tudo é Ciência: (Ser) humano na sociedade 5.0. Brasil, Volta Redonda.
20 Mauceri, R., Arduini, S., Coppini, M., Bazzano, M., Trujillo, I., & Campisi, G. (2024). Drug assumption and awareness about adverse drug reactions. The right to know. The case of the bone-modyfing agents: A systematic review. Frontiers in Oral Health, 5, Article 1441601. https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2024.1441601 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2024.1441601
21 Nagatani, M., Tanaka, T., Son, B. K., Kawamura, J., Tagomori, J., Hirano, H., et al. (2023). Oral frailty as a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults: Kashiwa study. Experimental Gerontology, 172, Article 112075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2022.112075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2022.112075
22 Park, J. S., Lee, S. H., Jung, S. H., Choi, J. B., & Jung, Y. J. (2019). Tongue strengthening exercise is effective in improving the oropharyngeal muscles associated with swallowing in community-dwelling older adults in South Korea: A randomized trial. Medicine, 98(40), Article e17304. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000017304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017304
23 Rapp, L., Sourdet, S., Vellas, B., & Lacoste-Ferré, M. H. (2017). Oral health and the frail elderly. The Journal of Frailty & Aging, 6(3), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2017.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14283/cw.2017.5
24 Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37(4), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/37.4.433 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/37.4.433
25 Sakaguchi, H. (2014). An oral function improvement program utilizing health behavior theories ameliorates oral functions and oral hygienic conditions of pre-frail elderly persons. Kokubyo Gakkai Zasshi, 81(2), 77–86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5357/koubyou.81.2_77
26 Sakai, K., Nakayama, E., Yoneoka, D., Sakata, N., Iijima, K., Tanaka, T., et al. (2022). Association of oral function and dysphagia with frailty and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cells, 11(14), Article 2199. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11142199 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11142199
27 Shimizu, A., Maeda, K., Wakabayashi, H., Nishioka, S., Ohno, T., Nomoto, A., et al. (2021). Sarcopenic dysphagia with low tongue pressure is associated with worsening of swallowing, nutritional status, and activities of daily living. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 25(7), 883–888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1641-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1641-3
28 Vendola, M. C. C., & Jacob-Filho, W. (2023). Impact of oral health on frailty syndrome in frail older adults. Einstein (São Paulo), 21, Article eAO0103. https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0103 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2023AO0103
29 Veronese, N., Custodero, C., Cella, A., Demurtas, J., Zora, S., Maggi, S., et al. (2021). Prevalence of multidimensional frailty and pre-frailty in older people in different settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 72, Article 101498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101498 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101498
30 Vieira, B. L. C., Morais, L. P., Vargas-Ferreira, F., Guimarães, M. R. C., Mattos, F. F., & Vargas, A. M. D. (2021). Use and need of removable dental prostheses in an institutionalized Brazilian elderly population: A cross-sectional study. Brazilian Oral Research, 35, Article e134. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0134
