CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÓMICAS, MORFOLÓGICAS Y FISIOLÓGICAS DE HOJAS DE SOL Y DE SOMBRA DE OITIZEIRO (MOQUILEA TOMENTOSA BENTH)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n6-070Palabras clave:
Espesor Foliar, Oiti, Plasticidad Fenotípica, Restauración de Áreas Degradadas, Respuestas MorfofisiológicasResumen
El oitizeiro (Moquilea tomentosa) es una especie nativa y endémica de la flora brasileña, característica de ecosistemas de restinga, que presenta alta adaptación a temperaturas elevadas. Se destaca por su importancia económica, siendo ampliamente utilizada en paisajismo, alimentación y en la restauración de áreas degradadas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar y comparar las características anatómicas, morfológicas y fisiológicas de hojas expuestas al sol y a la sombra de oitizeiro, recolectadas en los municipios de São Luís y Bacurituba, estado de Maranhão, Brasil. Se evaluaron el índice de clorofila, la longitud y el ancho foliar, la estimación del área foliar y la anatomía de las hojas. La longitud, el ancho y la estimación del área foliar fueron mayores en las hojas de plantas desarrolladas a la sombra en comparación con aquellas expuestas al sol. El contenido de clorofila a, b y total fue superior en hojas de sombra recolectadas en Bacurituba; mientras que en las plantas recolectadas en São Luís, el contenido de clorofila a fue mayor en hojas de sombra, sin observarse diferencias significativas en los contenidos de clorofila b y total. Las diferencias en el tamaño foliar, el contenido de clorofila y las modificaciones anatómicas observadas entre hojas de sol y de sombra evidencian una elevada plasticidad fenotípica de la especie, lo que sugiere una alta capacidad de adaptación a ambientes con diferentes intensidades lumínicas, destacando su potencial para la restauración de áreas degradadas.
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