DIRECTORES DE ENFERMERÍA: RESPONSABILIDADES, DESAFÍOS Y EVOLUCIÓN DEL ROL: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n5-093Palabras clave:
Enfermería, Gobernanza Sanitaria, Directores de Hospitales, Gestión Sanitaria, AdministraciónResumen
El rol de los directores de enfermería ha evolucionado de una función predominantemente operativa a una posición estratégica y multifacética, reflejando las crecientes demandas de los sistemas de salud y posicionando a estos profesionales como agentes centrales en la integración de la calidad de la atención, la sostenibilidad y el desarrollo organizacional. Objetivo: Comprender la naturaleza del trabajo de los directores de enfermería, identificando responsabilidades, funciones, desafíos y tendencias en la evolución del rol. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora siguiendo las directrices de Whittemore y Knafl (2005) en las bases de datos Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science y SciELO, incluyendo estudios publicados entre 1995 y 2025. El análisis siguió los pasos de los Elementos de Informe Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis. Resultados: La investigación resultó en la inclusión de 26 artículos, organizados en siete categorías temáticas que surgieron del análisis: Estrategia y gobernanza; Regulación y política; Desafíos organizacionales y rotación; Finanzas y sostenibilidad; Innovación y tecnología; Sucesión y desarrollo ejecutivo; y Liderazgo transformacional e identidad profesional. Conclusión: Los resultados demuestran que los directores de enfermería actúan como estrategas organizacionales y mediadores políticos, responsables de alinear la calidad, los costos, los resultados, la innovación tecnológica y las prácticas basadas en la evidencia, con el fin de fortalecer el liderazgo de enfermería dentro del contexto organizacional.
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