INSTRUMENTOS DE OBSERVACIÓN EN LA PSICOMETRÍA DEL DOLOR EN PACIENTES NO COMUNICATIVOS CON DEMENCIA: UNA REVISIÓN INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n11-288Palabras clave:
Psicometría, Dolor, Ancianos, Demencia, Cuidados, PaliativosResumen
Introducción: El dolor está infradiagnosticado e infratratado en las personas mayores con demencia. Por lo tanto, para poder aliviar el sufrimiento de esta población, es necesario buscar formas de identificar este síntoma en aquellos que no pueden comunicarlo. Objetivo: Identificar instrumentos de observación conductual para la heteroevaluación del dolor en pacientes con demencia, así como sus propiedades psicométricas. Método: Revisión integrativa de la literatura cuya recopilación de datos se realizó entre enero y marzo de 2021, en las bases de datos MEDLINE, IBECS, LILACS y BDENF. Resultados: Se muestrearon 5 instrumentos validados, presentados en orden de publicación y con sus respectivas propiedades psicométricas identificadas y organizadas. Se estudió la utilidad clínica de cada instrumento y se sometió a una evaluación cualitativa. Conclusiones: los resultados de esta investigación revelaron cinco estudios de alta calidad, en los que se desarrollaron y validaron instrumentos de observación conductual para la heteroevaluación del dolor en personas mayores con demencia. Se identificaron y organizaron sus propiedades psicométricas, lo que permitió comprender mejor sus posibilidades y limitaciones. Las lagunas identificadas en el conocimiento crean simultáneamente un imperativo ético y oportunidades de investigación sobre este tema.
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