UNIVERSAL ADHESIVES: EVIDENCE AND TRENDS IN AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-249Keywords:
Dentistry, Adhesion, Versatility, Durability, EfficiencyAbstract
Adhesive dentistry has come a long way since the introduction of acid etching in 1955 to the versatility of universal adhesives. Launched in 2012, these systems combined key components such as functional monomers (MDP, 4-META), silane, and initiators in a single bottle, allowing for different application methods—etch-and-rinse, self-etch, or selective etching—and simplifying clinical practice without sacrificing efficacy. In this integrative review, we analyze studies published between 2020 and 2025, focusing on the clinical and laboratory performance of 3M™ Scotchbond™ Universal Plus and its differences compared to other adhesive systems. The results demonstrate a versatile material capable of maintaining stable adhesion to various substrates (such as enamel, dentin, ceramics, composite resins, and zirconia) and with less technical sensitivity. Furthermore, we discuss factors that influence its durability, such as hydrolytic degradation and bond strength over time. Despite positive laboratory results, robust long-term clinical evidence is still lacking to definitively confirm their superiority over other options. The advancement of universal adhesives points to a promising future, but it requires ongoing, well-founded practical verification.
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References
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