ACCESS TO JUSTICE: DIFFICULTIES FACED BY THE UNDERPRIVILEGED CITIZEN IN THE STRUGGLE FOR THEIR RIGHTS

Abstract

This article aimed to examine the main obstacles faced by the vulnerable population in accessing the Brazilian justice system, highlighting the factors that hinder the realization of their rights. The methodology adopted consisted of bibliographic research, based on doctrinal works, legislation, and institutional data. Throughout the analysis, several barriers that undermine the effectiveness of fundamental rights were identified, such as high judicial costs, the limited capacity of the Public Defender’s Office, lack of legal knowledge, illiteracy, delays in judicial proceedings, as well as geographical and psychological obstacles, in addition to the excessive use of technical language by the Judiciary. Regional inequality was also emphasized, particularly in the North and Northeast regions, where access to judicial services is even more restricted. State initiatives aimed at expanding access to justice were examined, such as the Public Defender’s Office, despite its limitations, Itinerant Justice programs, and the use of digital technologies. Furthermore, the study discussed the need to expand free legal aid services, invest in popular legal education, simplify the language employed by the Judiciary, and develop effective and inclusive public policies capable of ensuring truly equal access to justice.