ENHANCEMENT OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION THROUGH SUSTAINABLE SOIL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN IMPERATRIZ – MA

Abstract

In this study, we delved into sustainable alternatives for family farming in the Imperatriz Green Belt, Maranhão, focusing on green manures that reduce costs and improve the quality of the region's sandy, infertile soil. We evaluated the effectiveness of species such as sunn hemp, leucaena, and Mexican sunflower, seeking to reduce dependence on mineral fertilizers. The research included questionnaires for 17 producers and experiments with these cover crops. Seedlings were produced and distributed to farmers, followed by a field day to demonstrate the benefits of the practice. The successful use of the plants was evident, as the producers answered their questions and actively participated in the lecture, in addition to demonstrating genuine interest in the project. The questionnaires revealed that 53% were already familiar with green manure, and all expressed interest in adopting it, citing advantages such as reduced water use and soil improvement. In the experiments, leucaena performed best in lettuce cultivation, while Mexican sunflower excelled in coriander. Sunn hemp yielded lower results in both crops. These data highlight the importance of selecting appropriate species and maintaining practices such as irrigation to maximize productivity. We conclude that green manure is effective and sustainable for the region, benefiting farmers and the environment. We recommend expanding training and outreach efforts to encourage the adoption of this practice in sandy soils.