AFFIRMATIVE ACTIONS FOCUSED ON RACIAL QUOTAS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AS A RESPONSE TO SOCIAL MOVEMENTS

Abstract

The main objective of this article is to identify how affirmative actions aimed at racial quotas in Higher Education are promoting the entry and retention of students who are covered by racial quotas. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was carried out in three databases: Library of Theses and Dissertations (BTDT), Catalog of Dissertations and Theses and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). The survey, based on the PRISMA method, selected 11 studies developed between 2019 and 2024 that allowed us to recognize the relevance of affirmative actions aimed at racial quotas as a result of social struggles and movements, led mainly by groups historically marginalized in educational processes. In summary, the results showed that the quota system has been decisive for the inclusion of these groups, especially in combating historical inequalities and promoting citizenship and social justice, although difficulties in this policy still emerge, such as more assertive actions aimed at ensuring that students remain in universities.