PUBLIC POLICIES AND THE HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF EDUCATION FINANCING IN BRAZIL: LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, ADVANCES AND SETBACKS BETWEEN 1934 AND 1988

Abstract

The paper analyzes the historical evolution of education financing in Brazil, addressing legal frameworks, advances and setbacks throughout the different constitutions and laws, and their impact on the democratization of education. It highlights the 1934 Constitution, which incorporated the ideas of the Manifesto of the Pioneers of New Education, to the 1988 Constitution, which enshrined education as a right for all. It examines how political factors, such as the military coup of 1964, impacted the allocation of resources, and how the redemocratization movement resulted in greater social participation and expansion of educational rights. Based on authors such as Saviani, Freire and Libâneo, the study shows that education financing was conditioned by political and ideological disputes, resulting in periods of advances and setbacks in the right to education in Brazil.