ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND WORK: BRAZILIAN CHALLENGES

Abstract

A few years ago, the arrival of industry 4.0 intertwined disruptive technologies into the world of capitalized work. From the popularization of the digital universe, in the century. The relationship between humans and machines has changed significantly, becoming the new paradigm of economic development. The most recent technological innovation is artificial intelligence, which has expanded rapidly and spread beyond previous historical references, directly reaching the Latin American world of work. As in the first three revolutions, technological progress does not always mean the replacement of human labor, but its obsolescence and framing of the capitalist structure, which establishes new relationships and requires adaptations that hardly prioritize human dignity. In this sense, the arrival of disruptive innovations demarcates new challenges in the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of all societies, including the Brazilian one. Furthermore, the subsumption of the worker to the so-called "smart factory" resignifies the ways of existing and coexisting in the world, under the algorithmic supervision and management of the production processes, which bring greater efficiency and added value to products and services, but makes it difficult for the worker to access such "advantages". Also cited as the fourth industrial revolution, industry 4.0 establishes the refinement of the extraction of surplus value, in a non-circumstantial way, since capital does nothing without the purpose of submitting human potentialities to its expansion project, as the debate points out. To explain, Artificial Intelligence applies advanced techniques through logical processes, as a way to manage production through the analysis of trends and behaviors of systems, however, to achieve the desirable levels of efficiency, it is necessary to restructure the entire labor market chain, take risks and prioritize the worker. However, this primacy does not happen. The central criticism made in this article applies essentially to the Brazilian reality. In this context, it is of fundamental importance to analyze whether the 4.0 revolution, idealized by the hegemonic countries, can be applied to the national scenario in the same way, with the same speed, intensity and depth required. Brazil has particularities and primary structural deficiencies, therefore, when observing today's employees, who are unable to cross the technological funnel, we notice the intentionality of capital and its strategic project. It is also perceived that companies in the national territory are gradually assuming the adoption of such advanced tools. To this end, it bets on a highly qualified and specific workforce, usually through recruitment and hermetic selections that are not at all inclusive. For this reason, the questioning presented here tends to overturn the epistemological debate of the different versions of labor realities, through the lens of the worker and analysis of the Brazilian industrial conjuncture. The theoretical framework is the fundamental studies of Karl Marx in Capital and other works produced by the author. Therefore, the methodology of bibliographic and documentary research was used, in addition to data extracted from the CNI (National Confederation of Industry), the MIT Technology Review Magazine- Brazil and other secondary sources.