PROTAGONISM OF BRAZILIAN POULTRY FARMING: EVOLUTION FROM PREHISTORY TO THE CURRENT GLOBALIZED WORLD

Abstract

The expansion of birds occurred with the disappearance of dinosaurs, but decreased significantly with the growth of mammals, although they aroused interest mainly for their beauty and habits. Currently, it is present on the food menu practically all over the planet and Brazil leads world exports. The objective of this article was to survey the history of poultry farming, as well as the contemporaneity of the Brazilian competitive environment. The theoretical framework was anchored in the evolution of poultry farming, agriculture, food, animals, technology, genetics, culture, society, economy and history. For this construct, it adopted a qualitative approach, exploratory type with bibliographic profile and the use of the timeline tool that allowed the unraveling of research from prehistory to the current global environment. The research allowed us to raise that the history of poultry farming begins with the expansion of birds after the end of the ice age with the end of the dinosaurs, but they became easy prey for mammals and resulted in a significant decrease in the number of species. In prehistory, there was the process of human sedentarization, improvements in agrarian dynamics, domestication of animals, especially chickens in 5500 BC. In mercantilism, poultry was widespread around the world, it arrived in Brazil in 1503, the implementation of agricultural policies in the 70s combined with the globalization process after the 90s contributed to Brazil reaching the ranking as the largest exporter of chicken meat in 2004. Currently, the country is the protagonist of exports to Asia, the Middle East, Africa and the European Union, the United States leads in North America and the European Union competes significantly only in Africa.