EVIDENCE OF THE USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE TREATMENT OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Arterial Hypertension is one of the biggest health problems worldwide and a crucial factor in the worsening of cardiovascular diseases in the population, so its existence encourages the development of a range of treatments both for controlling symptoms and improving the patient's quality of life. Thus, phytotherapy enters as one of the other types of therapeutic approach, since many phytotherapeutics have unique molecules in their composition, some of which have the potential to benefit health, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, so this article seeks to recognize plants that have useful properties in combating hypertension that are common in Brazil. Methodology: In this context, through a retrospective, cross-sectional study using the PubMed, webofscience, Lilacs, Pubmed, and Google Scholar platforms, based on the keywords antihypertensive, arterial hypertension, high blood pressure, phytochemical, and phytotherapy. Results and Discussion: Seven plants were found whose antihypertensive properties were reported with evidence through clinical trials in animals or people, namely Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass); Bidens pilosa (Black thistle); Allium sativum (Garlic); Oryza sativa (Rice); Hibiscus sabdariffa (Sour okra); Cuphea ignea (Saint Anthony's flower); Ocimum basilicum (Basil) and Melicoccus bijugatus (Mamoncillo). Conclusions: Some mechanisms of action of these herbal medicines can be suggested through the studies carried out, however, to categorically understand the efficacy and pharmacology of any of these active ingredients, a more in-depth specific study is necessary.