COLLECTIVE HEALTH - TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS AND THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL HEALTH IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract

This study investigates the impacts of technological innovations on public health systems, with a focus on Collective Health, addressing the opportunities and challenges related to the implementation of emerging technologies such as telemedicine, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and biotechnology. The research was conducted through a systematic literature review, using academic databases and international sources to select relevant articles and reports published in the last five years. The research methodology involved combining Boolean terms and operators to refine the results and ensure the relevance of the selected studies. The results indicate that, although health technologies have the potential to improve access, efficiency, and disease management, their implementation faces significant barriers, especially in contexts of social vulnerability and limited infrastructure. The ethical issues associated with the use of health data, such as privacy and algorithmic biases, also emerge as important challenges. In addition, public policies play a crucial role in overcoming these barriers, promoting digital inclusion and ensuring that technological innovations are accessible to all layers of the population. The research concludes that, for technological innovations in the health sector to be effectively inclusive and fair, it is necessary to develop public policies that integrate technical and ethical aspects, ensuring equitable access to the benefits of these technologies. International cooperation, strengthening digital health infrastructure, and proper regulation are key elements to ensure fairer and more accessible global health.