MEDICINAL USE OF CARAPA GUIANENSIS (ANDIROBA) – AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Carapa guianensis (andiroba) is an Amazonian tree widely used in traditional medicine due to its pharmacological properties, which makes it a promising source of bioactive compounds. Its importance lies in its various therapeutic applications, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, healing, and antiparasitic activities. This study aims to gather and synthesize the available knowledge about the medicinal uses of andiroba, contributing to the advancement of research and its integration into clinical practice. A comprehensive literature review was carried out in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and SciELO. The inclusion criteria covered experimental studies, clinical trials, and reviews published in the last decade, as well as older and more relevant research. The data were critically analyzed to evaluate methodologies, findings, and limitations. Carapa guianensis has remarkable pharmacological activities. The oil extracted from its seeds has antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Its bioactive compounds, such as limonoids and fatty acids, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, speeding up wound healing and relieving pain, particularly in cases such as oral mucositis. Antioxidant and antiparasitic activities have also been reported, with promising results against Leishmania. Studies indicate that cold-pressed oil is safe, with no genotoxic effects, while hot extraction methods pose potential risks. Carapa guianensis combines valuable medicinal properties, enhancing its role in traditional and modern medicine. However, limitations such as the lack of standardized extraction methods and the scarcity of controlled clinical studies underline the need for more research. Its integration into phytotherapy offers natural and effective alternatives for the treatment of various diseases, highlighting its potential as a sustainable and promising resource for the development of new medicines.