MAIN NURSING DIAGNOSES IN THE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic foot, a complication of diabetes mellitus, results from the interaction between peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. Neuropathy compromises the sensitivity of the lower limbs, increasing the risk of injury. Vascular disease reduces blood flow, making it difficult to heal and increasing complications. A multidisciplinary approach, with emphasis on nursing care guided by the Systematization of Nursing Care, aims to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of patients. Objective: to characterize the scientific evidence about the main diagnoses related to the care of patients with diabetic foot in primary health care. Method: This is an integrative review that explores the theoretical conceptions of approach, along with the techniques that contribute to the construction of reality and the creative potential of the researcher. Results: In the selected studies, no articles were published in 2019. In 2020, only 2 articles were published, representing 25% of the total that year. In 2021, 1 articles were selected, totaling 12.5% of the year's publications. In 2022, the number increased to 4, representing 50% of publications. In 2023, 1 articles were identified, equivalent to 12.5% of the total publications. Discussion: The analysis of nursing diagnoses in studies on diabetic foot reveals significant challenges for patients. Problems such as impaired mobility, insomnia, impaired skin integrity, and lack of understanding about diabetes are common. Nurses take patient-centered approaches, including nonpharmacologic therapies, guidance on proper footwear, personalized glycemic control, and promotion of lower limb health and mobility through exercise and active lifestyle. Conclusion: The lack of studies on diabetic foot nursing diagnoses compromises the provision of personalized care. It is crucial to address social and emotional aspects, invest in research and evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between academia, health professionals, and policymakers is essential to bridge this gap and ensure quality care for patients.