THE PRICE OF MATERIAL TRUTH: FALSE CONFESSIONS, INQUISITORIAL HERITAGE AND THE VIOLATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev8n5-013Keywords:
Criminal Procedure, False Confessions, Judicial Epistemology, Constitutional Guarantees, Illicit EvidenceAbstract
Considering that the confession is traditionally seen as absolute proof in criminal proceedings, but frequently results in the conviction of innocent people due to the inquisitorial heritage and the coercive practices of the authorities. It aims to critically analyze the causes of false confessions in the Brazilian penal system and the impact of the violation of constitutional guarantees during the interrogation. To this end, we proceed to bibliographic research and documentary analysis, based on contemporary judicial epistemology and the protection principles of the Democratic State of Law. In this way, it is observed that investigative practices based on psychological manipulation (such as the Reid Method) and the overvaluation of "material truth" generate strong suggestibility and evidentiary contamination, which allows us to conclude that an isolated confession is fragile evidence, requiring the magistrate to apply rigorous verification techniques, confrontation with the evidence and unconditional respect for due process of law to prevent irreversible judicial errors.
Downloads
References
ÁVILA, Thiago André Pierobom de. Violência Policial: estratégias de controle pelo Ministério Público. In: SALGADO, Daniel de Resende; DALLAGNOL, Deltan Martinazzo; CHEKER, Monique (Org.). Controle externo da atividade policial pelo Ministério Público. 2. ed. Belo Horizonte: Del Rey, 2016. v. 1, p. 462-499.
BADARÓ, Gustavo Henrique. Processo Penal. ed. 2023. São Paulo: Revista dos Tribunais, 2023.
FERNANDES, Antonio Scarance. Processo penal constitucional. 5. ed. São Paulo: RT, 2007.
FERRAJOLI, Luigi. Direito e razão: teoria do garantismo penal. 3. ed. rev. São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 2010.
GARRET, Brandon L. The Substance of False Confessions. Federal Sentencing Reporter, p. 234-240, 2019.
GOMES FILHO, Antônio Magalhães. A motivação das decisões penais. São Paulo: RT, 2001.
LOPES JR., Aury. Direito processual penal. 20. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Saraiva Jur, 2023.
MELO, João Ozorio de. Projeto Inocência: Instituição estuda porque inocentes confessam crimes. Revista eletrônica Consultor Jurídico (ConJur), 8 set. 2012.
MORAES, Alexandre de. Direito Constitucional. 40. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Atlas, 2024.
MOSCATELLI, Lívia Y. N. Considerações sobre a confissão e o método Reid aplicado na investigação criminal. Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, Porto Alegre, v. 6, n. 1, p. 361-394, jan./abr. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v6i1.331
NUCCI, Guilherme de Souza. Curso de Direito Processual Penal. 20. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Forense, 2023.
REIS TRINDADE, André Fernando dos. Manual de direito constitucional. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Saraiva Jur, 2015.
