DIGITAL MICRO-FACISMS AND FRAGMENTED CITIZENSHIP: A POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF ONLINE VIOLENCE IN THE WAKE OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Abstract

Considering the proliferation of digital micro-fascisms and their relationship with the fragmentation of citizenship in the virtual environment, as well as the impacts of these authoritarian and prejudiced discourses on human rights and the quality of democracy. The objective of this work is to understand the genealogy of digital micro-fascisms, analyze the crisis of the virtual public sphere, and examine the challenges posed by symbolic violence to human dignity. To this end, the research employs a bibliographic and documentary approach, utilizing the theoretical framework of authors such as Foucault, Deleuze, Guattari, Arendt, Habermas, Butler, and Honneth, in addition to Alexy, Bobbio, Dworkin, and Ferrajoli. Through a legal ethnography, an analysis of the specific case of Criminal Action 2493/DF of the Federal Supreme Court (STF) is presented as a portrait of the spread of symbolic violence and the respective judicial response. Thus, it is observed that digital micro-fascisms have compromised political participation and plurality in the online environment, resulting in the fragmentation of citizenship and the reinforcement of exclusions. This allows concluding that educational actions, public policies, and new normative instruments are indispensable to ensure respect for diversity and the strengthening of justice in the digital environment, grounded in human rights.