COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS IN HEALTH CARE FOR PEOPLE WITH HIV WITH LOW ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT

Abstract

This study aims to contribute to mental health care for People Living with HIV (PLHIV) who present low adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Based on an integrative literature review, the challenges faced by this population are discussed, involving psychological, social, and relational aspects, often marked by stigma and psychological distress. In this context, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) stands out as an effective approach for clinical interventions aimed at promoting treatment adherence. Techniques such as cognitive restructuring—focused on identifying and modifying dysfunctional thoughts related to illness and treatment—emotional regulation—aimed at improving the management of uncomfortable emotions—and the integration of motivational interviewing, which contributes to overcoming ambivalence regarding the consistent use of medication and other treatment-related procedures, are explored. The study highlights the importance of qualified clinical listening and the personalization of psychological interventions, acknowledging the complexity of the ART adherence process. It is argued that mental health care, when guided by evidence-based approaches, can strengthen the therapeutic alliance and promote self-care, thus enhancing public health practices. In this scenario, CBT emerges as a strategic and flexible resource, capable of responding ethically, technically, and sensitively to the unique demands of PLHIV.