EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND TEMPORAL INCIDENCE OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ADULTS IN THE STATE OF ESPÍRITO SANTO, FROM 2008 TO 2023

Abstract

Nutritional status is influenced by several factors, such as lifestyle, diet, physical activity, genetic, metabolic and pathological conditions, as well as socioeconomic factors. In Brazil, there is a paradoxical scenario where malnutrition and obesity coexist, evidencing the complexity of the nutritional situation in the country. Specifically in Espírito Santo (ES), there is a significant gap in the literature on the nutritional status of the population, which highlights the importance of further investigations in the region. Therefore, the objective of this article was to evaluate the epidemiological profile and temporal incidence of the nutritional status of adults in ES between 2008 and 2023. For this, a descriptive study was carried out using data from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, analyzing time series using the Joinpoint Regression Program®. The analysis revealed a predominance of women (90.4%) in the sample. In terms of color/race, browns represented the largest share (34.9%). There was a downward trend in the prevalence of underweight and normal weight, while overweight and obesity (grades 1, 2 and 3) increased. In view of the above, the findings indicate a worrying decrease in the number of eutrophic and underweight individuals, with an increase in overweight and obesity, reinforcing the need for public policies to promote healthy habits in Espírito Santo.