TRATAMIENTO DE LA ANEMIA FERROPÉNICA EN ADULTOS EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA: DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN AL TRATAMIENTO BASADO EN LA EVIDENCIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n51-039Palabras clave:
Anemia Ferropénica, Atención Primaria de Salud, Hepcidina, Deficiencia de Hierro, Suplementación Oral de HierroResumen
La anemia ferropénica es la forma más común de anemia en todo el mundo y representa un importante problema de salud pública, sobre todo en los países en desarrollo. En el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS), el reconocimiento precoz y el manejo adecuado de la anemia ferropénica son esenciales para prevenir complicaciones clínicas y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Este estudio pretende analizar, en base a la evidencia científica más reciente, las estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas más eficaces para el manejo de la anemia ferropénica en adultos dentro de la APS. Se abordan aspectos fisiopatológicos, como el papel de la hepcidina en la regulación de la homeostasis del hierro, los criterios de laboratorio para el diagnóstico diferencial y los principales abordajes terapéuticos, incluyendo la suplementación con hierro oral e intravenoso. El estudio hace hincapié en la importancia de interpretar críticamente los marcadores de laboratorio, especialmente en las afecciones inflamatorias, y subraya la necesidad de protocolos clínicos actualizados y adaptados a la realidad de la atención primaria. Se concluye que el tratamiento eficaz de la anemia ferropénica requiere un enfoque integrado, basado en la evidencia y centrado en el paciente, alineado con los principios de la atención continua e integral en APS.
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