IMPACT OF ROBOTIC SURGERY VS. LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY ON ONCOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv17n60-043Keywords:
Robotic Surgery, Laparoscopic Surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Abdominal Neoplasms, Pelvic NeoplasmsAbstract
Robotic surgery has emerged as a major innovation in modern surgical oncology, particularly in the minimally invasive treatment of abdominal and pelvic neoplasms. This study conducted a systematic review of the literature, based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with the aim of analyzing the functional, perioperative, and oncological outcomes of robotic surgery compared to laparoscopic and open techniques. The search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library databases, including studies published between 2021 and 2026. After applying the eligibility criteria, 46 studies were included. The results demonstrated advantages of robotic surgery, such as better three-dimensional visualization, greater anatomical precision, less blood loss, and a reduction in conversions to open surgery. Better urinary and sexual outcomes were also observed, particularly in urological and colorectal surgeries, due to greater neurovascular preservation. Regarding oncological outcomes, the technique demonstrated tumor control and adequate surgical margins, as well as shorter hospital stays and faster recovery. However, limitations persist related to high costs, the need for specialized training, and methodological heterogeneity among the studies.
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