RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BREASTFEEDING AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN INFANTS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/levv16n55-059Keywords:
Breastfeeding, Gut Microbiota, InfantsAbstract
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recognized as the gold standard in infant nutrition, with significant impacts on the development of the gut microbiota. This microbial community performs essential functions in immune and metabolic modulation, and its correct formation is fundamental for the prevention of diseases throughout life. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between EBF and the development of the gut microbiota in infants. A literature search was conducted, covering articles published between 2015 and 2025 through the PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and ScienceDirect databases. The search strategy used combined descriptors such as “Breastfeeding,” “Gastrointestinal Microbiome,” and “Infants.” After screening, three studies were included that demonstrate that EBF modulates the gut microbiota through oligosaccharides (HMOs), promoting colonization by Bifidobacterium and Lachnospiraceae, mitigating the impact of external factors such as cesarean delivery, and is associated with systemic protection, including reduced risk of asthma through balanced nasal and intestinal colonization. Therefore, even though AME acts as a decisive modulator in the intestinal microbiota, with effects on the prevention of metabolic, allergic, and immunological diseases, further studies are needed to deepen this relationship, since the studies found for this integrative review are still limited.
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