THE USE OF GOLDEN BLOOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF FETAL ERYTHROBLASTOSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Fetal erythroblastosis, also called Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (NRHD), is a pathology that arises as a result of the incompatibility between maternal Rh-negative blood and fetal Rh-positive blood, causing the destruction of fetal red blood cells by antibodies produced by the mother. Currently, the most widespread prophylaxis consists of the administration of anti-D immunoglobulin, which aims to mitigate the risk of maternal immune sensitization to the Rh antigen. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Rh-null blood, known as "golden blood", in the prevention of NRHD. Rh-null blood, devoid of all Rh-system antigens, represents a universal alternative for transfusions in patients with Rh incompatibility, and could theoretically serve as a basis for the development of vaccines aimed at blocking maternal sensitization to the Rh factor. An integrative literature review was performed to compare the efficacy and limitations of the use of Rh-null plasma in relation to anti-D immunoglobulin.