ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN PREGNANCY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Abstract

Acute appendicitis in pregnancy represents a challenging clinical condition due to maternal anatomical and physiological changes that hinder early diagnosis. Evidence indicates that imaging methods, particularly ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, are essential for safe disease detection, whereas isolated clinical assessment shows limited accuracy. Surgical treatment remains the gold standard, with laparoscopy standing out as a safe and effective technique, especially when performed within a multidisciplinary context involving obstetricians, surgeons, and radiologists. Adequate pain management and the judicious use of antibiotics are indispensable to ensure maternal and fetal safety. Studies demonstrate that diagnostic delays and maternal comorbidities are associated with a higher risk of perforation and increased morbidity and mortality. In this scenario, integrated protocols combining laboratory evaluation, imaging modalities, and consistent therapeutic strategies may optimize clinical care and reduce complications. In conclusion, the management of acute appendicitis in pregnancy requires early diagnosis, timely surgical intervention, and multidisciplinary follow-up to achieve favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes.