The nurse in the face of humanized care for critically ill patients with congenital heart disease – Integrative review

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital heart diseases are among the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, with increasing prevalence in the population. They represent about 30% of all congenital malformations and have an incidence of around 9.4 cases for every 1000 live births.  Objectives: To investigate articles in the literature that address the formation of bonds with humanized care centered on the family of congenital heart disease patients and to identify the interference of early diagnosis of heart disease in the child's quality of life. Methods: This is an integrative review, developed through published articles, published in the Google Scholar database, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Virtual Health Library (VHL). 20 articles were found and, based on the analysis, 17 articles were selected that met the guiding question of the study, published between the years 2019 and 2024. The following descriptors were used: "Congenital Heart Diseases" AND "Neonatal ICU" AND "Nursing". Results: In the analysis of the articles, three categories were identified: Profile of children with congenital heart disease; Early detection of congenital heart disease and its interference in the child's quality of life; Bonding with family-centered care. Final considerations: Early detection of these conditions is essential to ensure a better quality of life for the affected child. The formation of bonds with the family is essential to promote humanized and comprehensive care for congenital heart disease patients, providing emotional support, adequate information and active involvement of parents in the treatment and recovery process of the child, thus improving the quality of life of affected children, providing healthy development and reducing the risk of future complications.