MOLAR-INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH CLEFT LIP AND PALATE: CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

Cleft lip and palate are common congenital defects, affecting approximately one in every 650 live births in Brazil. In parallel, molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a defect that manifests as demarcated opacities that often affect the tooth enamel of first molars and permanent incisors. In patients with cleft lip and palate, factors such as bone graft surgery can contribute to MIH, which has a significantly high prevalence in this group. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on incisive molar hypomineralization in patients with cleft lip and palate, analyzing its prevalence compared to individuals without fissure, risk factors, clinical implications, challenges in the management and treatment of the condition. To this end, the review analyzed publications in databases such as PubMed/Medline, Scielo, and Scopus, using the following terms: MIH; pediatric dentistry; hypomineralization; cleft lip and palate; dental treatment; rehabilitation; and prevention.  Results showed that, in the first stage, seven studies related MIH to cleft lip and palate, pointing to a higher prevalence in more complex cases, without addressing clinical management. In the second stage, nine high-evidence studies on the prevention and treatment of MIH in the general population were included, with protocols that could be adapted to patients with cleft lip and palate. In conclusion, MIH is more prevalent in patients with cleft lip and palate, especially in cases involving the palate and bilateral clefts. This condition compromises function, aesthetics, and quality of life, requiring individualized management with preventive strategies, sensitivity control, and adequate restorations.