FROM ALIENATION TO HUMANIZATION: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, DIALECTICS, AND SCIENCE EDUCATION

Abstract

This article analyzes Artificial Intelligence (AI) as the third major productive restructuring of capitalism, following the steam engine and the Fordism/Toyotism complex. Through a dialectical perspective, it argues that AI simultaneously represents: the apex of the development of productive forces (thesis); the negation of existing production relations (antithesis); and the potential overcoming of the system (synthesis). The text explores how the frantic pursuit of accumulation leads to social, environmental, and technical contradictions, highlighting the internal limits of AI's correlational architecture. The theoretical analysis is integrated with a pedagogical experience in Antonina, Paraná, through a case study where science education demonstrated that it is possible to reconstruct belonging, protagonism, and critical awareness by disciplining AI as a tool at the service of humanity.