IMPLEMENTATION STUDY OF AN INTELLIGENT GREENHOUSE BOX FOR STORING 3D CAD/CAM PRINTING FILAMENTS

Abstract

The storage of 3D printing filaments in unsuitable environments can significantly compromise the quality of the prints, due to moisture absorption and thermal degradation of the material. Filaments such as PLA, for example, become brittle and unstable when exposed to humidity for long periods, resulting in extruder clogging and unevenly finished surfaces. Considering this scenario, it is important to develop solutions that guarantee the preservation of filament properties over time. Developing an intelligent oven that keeps the filaments at a controlled temperature and humidity, continuously, with real-time monitoring, is the central objective of this research. The proposal aims to increase the useful life of the filaments, preserve their mechanical integrity and guarantee print quality.

The methodology adopted included technical research into components and control systems, the development of a CAD-CAM model of the oven and the construction of an operating flowchart based on temperature and humidity sensors, active dehumidification modules (Peltier and silica gel), heating via electrical resistors and control with ESP32.

Preliminary results have shown that inadequate storage of PLA compromises its performance, while controlled storage allows for prints of higher quality and stability. The design of the oven was also adjusted to accommodate up to 20 kg of filament with a sealed and modular structure. The proposed smart oven is a viable and effective alternative for minimizing material losses, promoting sustainability in the use of filament and ensuring more efficient printing.