AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN BRAZIL: LEGISLATION, PUBLIC POLICIES, AND PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL INCLUSION

Abstract

The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents one of the greatest contemporary challenges regarding social inclusion in Brazil. The increasing identification of cases and the need for effective public policies highlight the relevance of this topic. This study aims to analyze the challenges faced by individuals with ASD in Brazil, focusing on current legislation and the urgency of effective social inclusion. A bibliographic methodology was adopted, examining relevant legislation, official documents, and academic publications to understand the legal evolution related to ASD and identify gaps hindering full social inclusion. Key findings include the enactment of Law No. 12,764/2012, known as the Berenice Piana Law, which recognizes autism as a disability and ensures fundamental rights such as access to health, specialized education, and social assistance. However, the effective implementation of this law faces challenges like a shortage of trained professionals, especially in underserved regions, and the need for curriculum adaptations in educational institutions to meet the specific needs of students with ASD. Additionally, society continues to grapple with stigmas and prejudices that impede the full integration of these individuals. The study concludes that an integrated approach involving the government, civil society, and educational institutions is essential to build an inclusive society. Recommendations include intensifying training programs for professionals, revising and adapting school curricula, conducting awareness campaigns to combat stigma, and ensuring the effective implementation and monitoring of public policies. Only through coordinated and continuous actions can current challenges be overcome, ensuring that the rights of individuals with ASD are fully respected and promoted.