EDUCACIÓN CLIMÁTICA EN BRASIL: LECCIONES Y PERSPECTIVAS DESDE UN PAÍS DEL SUR GLOBAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-166Palabras clave:
Educación Climática, Acción Climática, Currículo Escolar, Educación FormalResumen
La crisis climática plantea un desafío sin precedentes que requiere respuestas sistémicas basadas en la equidad, la resiliencia y la sostenibilidad. Entre estas respuestas, la educación se ha reconocido cada vez más como un motor estratégico de transformación a largo plazo. Este artículo examina críticamente la integración de la Educación Climática en el sistema educativo formal brasileño, identificando brechas clave en la política curricular nacional y extrayendo perspectivas comparativas de experiencias internacionales. Mediante un análisis de contenido cualitativo de literatura académica, documentos de política y marcos curriculares, incluyendo la Base Curricular Nacional Común (BNCC) de Brasil, el estudio revela que las referencias al cambio climático siguen siendo superficiales, fragmentadas y distribuidas de forma inconsistente entre disciplinas. En contraste, países como Italia, Escocia y el estado estadounidense de Nueva Jersey han adoptado enfoques más integrales e interdisciplinarios para integrar temas climáticos en todos los niveles educativos. Con base en los marcos teóricos de Eisner y McNeil, el artículo evalúa las dimensiones estructurales, culturales y políticas del desarrollo curricular, abogando por reformas urgentes en la formación docente, los recursos pedagógicos y la alineación de políticas. Los hallazgos respaldan la necesidad de un enfoque de la Educación Climática que sea contextualizado y orientado a la justicia, que promueva el pensamiento crítico, la participación cívica y el cambio de comportamiento. Mientras Brasil se prepara para ser sede de la COP 30, la integración de la Educación Climática no solo es un imperativo ético, sino también una vía estratégica para empoderar a las generaciones futuras y fortalecer la participación democrática en la gobernanza climática.
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