UN PROTOCOLO DE NATACIÓN CON SOBRECARGA INICIADO TEMPRANAMENTE ATENUÓ LA OBESIDAD PERO ACTUÓ COMO ANSIOGÉNICO EN RATAS HEMBRAS ALIMENTADAS CON UNA DIETA OCCIDENTAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-165Palabras clave:
Entrenamiento de Natación Sobrecargado, Dieta de Cafetería, Ansiedad, Obesidad, Ratas HembrasResumen
Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia del entrenamiento temprano de natación con sobrecarga (OST) en el desarrollo de obesidad y comportamiento ansioso en ratas alimentadas con una dieta de cafetería (Caf). Métodos principales: Sesenta y seis ratas Wistar (21 días de edad, 11/grupo) se agruparon de la siguiente manera: alimentadas con pienso sedentario (Ch-S), alimentadas con pienso y ejercitadas una vez a la semana (Ch-E1), alimentadas con pienso y ejercitadas 5 días/semana (Ch-E5), alimentadas con Caf sedentaria (Caf-S), alimentadas con Caf y ejercitadas una vez a la semana (Caf-E1) y alimentadas con Caf y ejercitadas 5 días/semana (Caf-E5). El OST se inició al día siguiente (45 min/sobrecarga del 5% del peso corporal). La dieta Café comenzó a los 31 días de edad, con la adición de alimentos ricos en calorías al pienso comercial y al agua. Tanto la Caf como el OST se continuaron durante 60 días. Hallazgos principales: Las ratas Caf-S mostraron un aumento de la ingesta calórica, el peso corporal, la deposición de grasa abdominal, la trigliceridemia y la circunferencia abdominal. Este aumento en los marcadores de obesidad fue prevenido por OST, siendo E5 más efectivo que E1. Caf no alteró el comportamiento, pero Caf-E1 y Caf-E5 pasaron menos tiempo en los brazos abiertos del laberinto elevado en cruz que el grupo Caf-S, lo que indica que la combinación Caf + ejercicio fue ansiogénica. Dado que no hubo cambios en el número de entradas en el brazo cerrado ni diferencias en la movilidad en la prueba de campo abierto, esto no puede atribuirse a un efecto motor. Significación: OST fue eficaz para reducir los marcadores de obesidad que aumentaron con la dieta de la cafetería, pero también fue ansiogénico. OST en hembras puede inducir estrés crónico, lo que debe considerarse al interpretar su efecto antiobesidad.
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