EVALUATION OF THE FEMORAL HEAD OSTEONECROSIS INDEX AFTER FIXATION OF A FEMUR NECK FRACTURE WITH MORE THAN 48 HOURS OF EVOLUTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/arev7n9-315Keywords:
Femoral Neck Fracture, Femoral Head Osteonecrosis, Delayed Surgery, Orthopedic Complications, Regenerative TherapyAbstract
Femoral neck fracture is a common orthopedic emergency, particularly in the elderly, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. When surgical treatment is delayed beyond 48 hours after trauma, the incidence of complications—especially femoral head osteonecrosis—increases significantly. This study aimed to evaluate, through a systematic review of the literature, the frequency and associated factors of osteonecrosis in patients undergoing delayed fixation of femoral neck fractures. Eight studies were included, encompassing a total of 835 patients. Osteonecrosis rates ranged from 18.6% to 30%, with higher incidence observed in cases with extended surgical delays and no adjunctive therapies. The interval between trauma and surgery emerged as a crucial determinant of clinical outcomes, underscoring the relevance of early intervention. Additionally, regenerative therapies showed potential to mitigate osteonecrosis risk even in late surgical scenarios. These findings highlight the need for clinical protocols that prioritize timely treatment and consider the integration of biological therapies to improve prognosis.
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