SEMEN COLLECTION IN HORSES: USE OF TECHNIQUES AND STALLION MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The use of reproductive biotechnologies in equine breeding depends directly on the quality of the semen obtained and the adequate evaluation of the stallion. In this context, semen collection and andrological examination play a central role in determining fertility potential and the sanitary safety of reproductive programs. This study aimed to analyze recent scientific evidence regarding semen collection techniques in horses, stallion management, and contemporary methods of sperm evaluation. This is a narrative literature review conducted in the PubMed database, selecting studies published in the last five years related to semen collection and reproductive evaluation in equines. The analyzed studies indicate that the artificial vagina remains the most commonly used method in clinical practice, provided it is associated with adequate management and technical standardization. Furthermore, technologies such as computerized semen analysis and advanced morphological evaluation methods have broadened the understanding of sperm heterogeneity and its relationship with fertility. In the sanitary context, recent evidence reinforces the need for molecular monitoring, even in clinically healthy stallions. It is concluded that the efficiency of assisted reproductive programs in horses is directly related to the integration of thorough andrological evaluation, standardized collection techniques, and modern diagnostic tools, favoring safer and more informed decisions in reproductive practice.